The reciprocity rule of exposure
The effect of aperture on depth of focus
The relationship between film speeds and stops
The relationship between lens focal length and perspective
The Sunny 16 rule
How to bracket exposures
The relationship between focal length and slowest shutter speed for hand-held photography
Lens terminology: normal, wide angle, telephoto, fixed focal length, zoom.
The differences in types of film with respect to color balance
Push processing: when to use it, what it accomplishes, and the types of films applicable
How to expose film properly in high key and low key conditions
How to operate an electronic flash in manual mode
The general sequence of steps for developing black and white negative film
The general sequence of steps for making a positive print from a black and white negative
The main advantages and disadvantages for each format: 35 mm, medium format, large format, and digital.
The relationship between an reflected light meter and middle gray
How to use hyperfocal distance to maximize depth of focus
How panning affects an image
How to eliminate or minimize "red eye"